Negative developing of parathyroid using carbon nanoparticles during thyroid surgery

Subtotal thyroidectomy and total thyroidectomy are two main options to treat thyroid nodules. Due to the special anatomical location of parathyroid, the incidence of permanent hypoparathyroidism due to parathyroid damage is about 9-32% postoperatively (1). This condition can seriously affect the quality of life of patients and post great challenges to surgeons; therefore, it is particularly important to protect the parathyroid during the thyroid surgery.