Long term effects of modern breast cancer surgery

Breast cancer surgery includes a wide array of surgical treatment options. Not only does it involve the oncologic excision of the breast cancer disease but it also involves the reconstruction of the breast. Surgical treatment options vary with regards to the size of the tumor relative to the size of the breast further complicated by the preferences of the patient and the ability of the available surgeon(s). The goal of this paper is to highlight major long-term effects, positive and negative, of modern breast cancer surgery.